State of atmospheric air in VKO and Ust-Kamenogorsk  Realization of politics of the President and Government concerning environment preservation of the Republic of Kazakhstan at a regional level that provided stabilization of environmental contamination level in the region
The Earth of the Eastern Kazakhstan is various and surprising! Uniqueness of its geographical position is that it is located in depth of the largest Eurasian continent within central part of its, on border of great plains of the Western Siberia, Central Asia and Kazakhstan.
And also uniqueness of the Eastern Kazakhstan is that its territory occupies extremely important geopolitical position as a key region on the map of Eurasia. Here borders of four largest states are joined: the Republic of Kazakhstan, Russia, China and Mongolia.
The nature of our krai is characterized by great landscape variety. Its relief is complicated and contrast. Mountains occupy 80 % of the territory. District’s heights range from 145 m in the extreme northwest up to 4 500 m in the east (Belukha mountain, 4 506 m). Mountain systems have a complex scheduled structure, powerful mountain peaks with centers of congelation, narrow valleys. From mountain peaks mountain ridges spread fan-shaped to the West. Such midland geographical advantage of the Southwest Altai plays an essential role in global-planetary processes. First of all, it is reflected on the climate of VKO.
The core uniting the natural landscapes is the main waterway of the region that is the Irtysh rive. Its upstream is in China, middle - in Kazakhstan, undercurrent - in Russia.
The Eastern Kazakhstan possesses the significant resources of underground waters of high quality. There are outputs of thermal waters (radon sources).
The East Kazakhstan region has a pronounced specialization in branches of mining, metallurgical and power industry that is defined by structure is national economic complex where the industry makes up more than 60 %. There are economic conditions in the region for creation of hi-tech, high technology productions. Changes of environment state of our region are substantially defined by a heritage of the environmental problems connected with Semipalatinsk nuclear range, enterprises of mining and smelting complex, power system and nuclear fuel. Under economy development there was a problem on barring of environmental deterioration, stabilization of ecological parameters on dumps, emissions, waste. Atmospheric air The atmosphere of the East Kazakhstan region is under influence of emissions from stationary sources of 1953 enterprises, as well as from mobile sources.
Since 2000 the tendency of decrease in emissions, dumps of polluting substances, accommodations of production wastes was outlined in the East Kazakhstan region in conditions of continuing growth of production volumes. It became possible due to enterprises investment into production upgrade, perfection of systems of dust-gas collection, toughening of the inspection control over effectiveness of work of waste disposal equipment.
Decrease in level of atmospheric air pollution in the region was stimulated by the implementation of the regional program «Rational use and protection of natural resources VKO for 2002-2005».
Dynamics of emissions from stationary sources on VKO 1990-2004 
The administration conducts the work on toughening of emission rate at industrial enterprises that caused the nature users to introduce more effective dust-gas collecting installations, to improve the production techniques. It allows the carrying of polluting substances to lower in transboundary aspect.
According to VK hydrometeorology center, the tendency of decrease in index of atmosphere pollution and gross emissions of polluting substances was outlined in Ust-Kamenogorsk. Gross emissions of polluting substances on Ust-Kamenogorsk city 
In Ust-Kamenogorsk city the situation on lead, the substance of the 1st class of danger was stabilized that states VK Center of hydrometeorology.
Atmosphere pollution of Ust-Kamenogorsk city is in greater degree aggravated by physiographic position and climatic conditions - calm during the periods of difficult meteorological conditions. According to the East Kazakhstan hydrometeorology center in 2003 106 days were with difficult meteorological conditions (29 %), in 2004 - 99 days (27 %). In spite of the fact that the enterprises carry out the actions according to projects PDV during the periods of difficult meteorological conditions, these accepted measures appear to be insufficient if there is still weather and temperature inversion in a city is observed more than three days, sometimes and up to fifteen.
Last years the position has become complicated for the fact that the influence of motor transport on city atmosphere has sharply increased. The statistics shows, that in the city it is annually registered from 2 up to 3 thousand vehicles. In 2004 there were 47 118 motor cars and 8 820 lorries (total 55 938 units) in the city. Water resources The main waterway of the region is the transboundary Irtysh river. Water resources include more than thousand rivers with a mid-annual drain of thirty billions cubic meters and underground waters with approved operational stocks about 2,4 billion cubic meters a year.
Flow of the Irtysh river is from three water basins with hydroelectric power stations: Bukhtarma, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Shulba.
On the territory of Ust-Kamenogorsk sewage dumps are carried out into the Ulba and Irtysh rivers from 10 industrial enterprises. Dynamics shows annual decrease in volume of sewage dump in the Irtysh river basin. So, for 2004 the volume of dump made up 115,5 mln.m3, that on 4,3 mln.m3 less in comparison with 2003 (119,8 million m3). According to the state monitoring conducted by the VK hydrometeorology Center the quality of superficial waters of the rivers Irtysh and Ulba is estimated by the 3rd class of quality - moderately polluted. From 2001 till 2004 the index of water pollution of the Irtysh river ranged from 1,18 up to 1,9, the index of water pollution of the Ulba river from 1,77 up to 3,06. Stabilization of conditions became possible due to conducting of water-security actions by the enterprises. They are:
At «AES Ust-Kamenogorsk TES»JSC and «AES Sogra TES»LTD of Ust-Kamenogorsk city in 2004 were put into operation two ash disposal areas with turnaround system hydro-dust removal, that allowed sewage dumps to stop from ash disposal areas into the rivers Ulba and Irtysh. The volume of dumps decreased more than in 3,0 mln.m3. At «AES Ust-Kamenogorsk TES»JSC the refinement plant of condensate and storm sewage from mineral oil was put into operation. At “UMZ” JSC with a view of decrease of negative influence on underground waters for burial place of liquid and firm waste the pond-evaporator is constructed. At “Kazzinc”JSC the technology of industrial waste purification with the use of flocculating agent «Priorstall» was introduced. For today practically at all large and average enterprises devices of the account and control of water consumption and water removal are established.
The industrial enterprises of the city pass to the international standards of ecological management of enterprises ISO-14000, ISO-9000.
The concept of ecological safety of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2004-2015 on one of three basic directions of ecological safety provision- «Ecologization of economy» it is defined the system perfection of the state control over preservation of environment and nature usage. The East Kazakhstan state inspection in structure of administration accepts effective measures on increase of efficiency of the state control over environment preservation. Production wastes and consumption In 2004 it was developed and received the positive conclusion of ecological examination the feasibility report on construction of garbage processing factory in Ust-Kamenogorsk city.
Besides at “Kazzinc”JSC measures on industrial wastes processing of are carried out: The Program of measures on recycling and safety provision of waste storage and semi-finished products on range of industrial waste at “Kazzinc”JSC is developed. The program is developed for the period of 2004-2010.
At “Kazzinc”JSC there is the processing of granulated slag of lead production, processing of clinker (up to 2010), this year the processing of cupper-chloric cake is begun. Processing of brick scums of lead production, fulfilled Rashig rings and vanadic catalyst is constantly conducted.
Problems of recycling of firm-household waste are not solved, the basic way of their recycling is burial on ranges. The quantity of not authorized dumps grows in cities and rayons of the region. In 2005 within realization of budgetary nature protection programs due to means of the regional budget the development of scientifically proved regional program of firm-household waste management is stipulated. Ways of the decision For improvement of ecological conditions and realization of «Concepts of ecological safety for 2003-2015» in 2004 in the region the regional Program «Rational use of natural resources and environment preservation for 2005-2010” was developed its purpose is creation of the further conditions for decrease of anthropogenous influence on environment at forecast production growth. The object on barring of atmospheric pollution in conditions of industrial production growth is carried out due to:
- Increases of efficiency of inspection control over observance of the nature protection legislation,
- Perfection of systems of territorial monitoring of environment,
- Carrying out of state ecological examination,
- Perfection of control systems by nature use regarding reforming allowing system and payments for environmental contamination,
- Duly planning and control of realization of nature protection measures,
- Developments of ecological education system and education of the population, distribution of ecological information. Branch conditions In development Strategy of Kazakhstan till 2030 the basic purpose of ecological politics of the state is harmonization of interaction of society and environment, and also creation of ecologically favorable inhabitancy. For realization of strategic development of the state, strengthening of legislative base laws were passed "On environment preservation", "On especially protected natural territories", " About ecological examination ", " About radiating safety ", "On protection of atmospheric air". In the sphere of rational nature use - the decrees of the President that are valid the law "On Earth's interior and its use", Forest, Water and Land codes, the Concept of ecological safety of the Republic of Kazakhstan on 2004 - 2015.
In this connection, work on improvement of ecological conditions by introduction of ecological requirements and standards in all branches of economy is strengthened and actively conducted. For industry the steady development means introduction of ecologically effective projects, technical innovations in combination with corporate responsibility.  The program provides two sources of financing: means of the regional budget and own means of enterprises. In 2005 the volume of means from the regional budget is planned to the sum of 765 463 thousand tenge, volume of own means of enterprises to the sum of 1 710 482 thousand tenge.
Due to means of the regional budget within this Program following programs are financed:
- Development of objects of environment preservation (reconstruction sewer pipe canalа across the Irtysh river from sewer pump station №17 on clearing constructions of Ust-Kamenogorsk) - 380 085 thousand tenge;
- Protection of fauna - 4 628 thousand tenge;
- Protection and reproduction of woods - 246 548 thousand tenge;
- Establishment of water-security zones and strips of water objects and water-economic constructions - 5 000 thousand tenge;
- Carrying out of actions on preservation of the environment - 129 202 thousand tenge.
Under the current budgetary program "On environment preservation" the following measures are conducted:
All-round complex inspection of the territory of Ust-Kamenogorsk city and health of the population. The analysis of interrelation of population health with difficult meteorological conditions.
The work on development of information technology on control and forecasting of atmospheric air quality. For reduction of influence of motor transport on environment, since 2003 it is checked the gasoline quality. The program of waste management and consumption is developed in the region. Creation of ecological park on the left bank of the Irtysh river. Creation of such park is rehabilitation action on improvement of population health, and also for organization of leisure for youth.
Realization of the program of rural territories development. Last years the Dubygalinskoe lake ("Okunki") bears a great above permitted norms recreational loading with degradation of surrounding landscape, and also changing of chemical and biological structure of water. In this connection, the diving bottom cleaning measures were conducted at the Dubygalinskoe lake.
Great attention is paid to the forestry preservation. Gathering and storage of mercury bearing waste was organized for reduction of ecological risks in quantity of 60 418 items.
For clearing of polluted soils of the territories of Ust-Kamenogorsk scientific researches are carried out on use of mineral natural sorbents.
With a view of protection and reproduction of bioresources the work is conducted on reclimatization wild boars in Ulanski rayon and reproduction of natural forage reserve for wild animals and birds. In the field of ecological education and education of the population work is organized on studying of public opinion of the population of the East Kazakhstan region concerning ecology; forums are conducted, literature is published | 
